In this way, Adler was an early proponent of examining family influences on the individual and vice versa. Adler viewed birth order and other elements of the family constellation as being formative forces in the development of the individual's worldview. He identified the family as the individual's first social setting, meaning that it plays an important role in how they view life and behave in other social settings later on. He also identified that it’s within social groups that a person may be faced with many life challenges, such as those related to relationships with others, work, love, and sex, which is why a person’s behavior within these groups is so important to focus on. This manifests as the individual simultaneously striving for a feeling of uniqueness within social groups while also needing to feel a sense of belonging and acceptance. As the APA Dictionary of Psychology defines it, holism means that “an analysis or understanding of the parts does not provide an understanding of the whole.” In other words, how a person deals with life can only be fully understood by looking at all components of their personality and experience, since these combined are what make someone who they are.Īdler believed that seeing humans as social beings in addition to unique, separate individuals was crucial. Holism refers to Adler’s belief that psychological and psychiatric treatment should address each individual as a unique, indivisible whole, rather than simply according to the “part” that’s symptomatic. 7 Basic Principles Of Adlerian PsychologyĪdler developed several key principles that further explain and contextualize this approach, as outlined below. Adler also founded several child guidance clinics in Vienna, lectured at universities across Europe and in the US, and wrote over 300 books and articles in his lifetime. According to Adler, all facets making up a person's personality need to be taken into account in a holistic approach to therapy. In 1912, Adler founded the Society for Individual Psychology, using the term "individual" to refer to his view of the person as an indivisible whole who should be treated as such. Adler eventually parted ways with Freud when differences emerged in their views, although the two continued to regard each other as colleagues and remained on amicable terms. He later switched to the field of psychiatry and became part of a psychoanalysis discussion group formed by Sigmund Freud, who would later become known as the founder of modern psychoanalysis. He graduated from the University of Vienna Medical School in 1895 and pursued a career first as an ophthalmologist, then as a general physician. His own childhood illness-a case of rickets that made him unable to walk until age four-motivated him to become a physician as an adult. Try Online Therapy A Brief Overview Of Alfred Adler’s CareerĪlfred Adler was born near Vienna, Austria in 1870.
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